La BIM digital model (Building Information Modeling) is a 3D digital representation of a building with which functional and physical information from the building is associated.
These two concepts (geometric and informative) are inseparable when talking about BIM.
More precisely, the digital model will consist of identified and informed 3D objects, and whose interactions can be defined. Thus, a 3D object representing a wall will include information about it (e.g. nature of the materials, date of construction, etc.).
The BIM model of a structure is associated with the reality of the building at a given moment. It should be kept up to date throughout the life cycle of the building to ensure its proper operation.
During the design phase, the digital model will be a real geometric and informative repository for architects, design offices and builders. They will be able to use it to carry out technical simulations (thermal, sound, quantity calculations, implementation simulations, etc.) and design the project.
During the work phase of a project carried out in BIM, builders will be able to use the information in the design model for a multitude of uses. Among these, we can mention:
At the same time, analyses to detect clashes between the design model and 3D point clouds can be carried out at key stages of the construction site (e.g.: end of structural construction, before formwork, etc.). These analyses will make it possible to compare a reference frame of the planned project (design model) and an imprint of reality (point cloud, generated during a 3D survey).
During the Management Operation Maintenance (GEM) phase, the information from the digital model is used to better control building management costs.
The model is then used as a spatial reference in which to simply integrate technical, geometric and structural information about a building and its equipment.
Note that for GEM uses, the model may be associated with BMS or CMMS software, to allow building managers to exploit this repository in business software that is specific to them.
Finally, the digital model has a high added value during the deconstruction phase.
In particular, it will be used to quantify and identify volumes of materials. This will make it possible to properly prepare a demolition operation and to identify and then valorize the materials that can be injected into a circular economy process for example.
To benefit from a BIM digital model that meets the needs of a project, it will be necessary to work on a structured and precise documentary base.
This will specify the levels of geometric and informative precision required, the organization of the various entities, the processes, as well as the technical specifications for producing the model.
This is where the BIM Manager comes in, who will be in charge of orchestrating such organization.
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